Natl Acad. Kalvig, P. & Keiding, J. Vurdering af konomiske- og markedsmssige muligheder for produktion af sand, grus og sten (aggregater) i Grnland rettet mod bygge- og anlgsindustrierne i Europa og Nordamerika (Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS), 2021). 44, 282296 (2021). Greenland plans to reimpose ban on uranium mining. Howe, P. D., Marlon, J. R., Mildenberger, M. & Shield, B. S. How will climate change shape climate opinion? Environ. Article Glob. Overeem, I. et al. [3] These protected areas include: "World Map of Koppen-Geiger Climate Classification Updated", "Dataset - Koppen climate classifications", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kalaallit_Nunaat_low_arctic_tundra&oldid=992315763, This page was last edited on 4 December 2020, at 17:06. Greenland joins the Paris Agreement. Nature Climate Change developed the survey questionnaire. Clim. Energy Econ. Ulloq tassanngaanniit Kal. 8, 141162 (2018). 4c and Supplementary Information: Theoretical implications). Arctic Climate Change Update 2021: Key Trends and Impacts. Nat. d, Approximately half or fewer residents in all but Kalaallit Nunaats capital region are aware of human-caused climate change. Ind. Mudryk, L. R. et al. Nature Sustainability thanks Lawrence Hamilton, Leneisja Jungsberg and Meg Parsons for their contribution to the peer review of this work. Vegetation is strongest on the east coast, with the greatest extents towards the south. Clim. Such awareness may be an important antecedent for assessing loss and damage from human-caused climate change in Greenland, navigating complex sustainability challenges in the new Arctic and adapting to transformative opportunities afforded by amplified warming. Despite these differences in attribution beliefs, the prevalence of climate change experience is similar across education levels. If climate change is happening, do you think it is caused mostly by?). Nat. Nat. Ecol. PubMedGoogle Scholar. [13] Adaptation Actions for a Changing Arctic: Perspectives from the Baffin Bay/Davis Strait Region (AMAP, 2018). Article wrote the original draft; K.M., M.L.J., M.T.R., L.H., D.D.L. Purple dots indicate locations sampled by the IPS phone survey and orange shapes depict towns (squares) and villages (circles) sampled by the GPS field survey. Second, since climate change beliefs can inform adaptive behaviours54 yet may be swayed by carbon-intensive economic interests69, how does awareness about the existence and primary cause of climate change among Kalaallit Nunaats population compare to other Arctic regions and the largest oil producers among them? Question items for climate change beliefs, knowledge and personal experience were adopted from a Yale-George Mason CCAM survey89 and adapted to the Kalaallit context and Kalaallisut via pilot studies with the input of students at Ilisimatusarfik and community members from Nuuk and Kapisillit. Greenlands Mineral Strategy 20202024 (Government of Greenland, 2020). Clim. Res. 63, 144153 (2017). NUUKThe board of the environmental organization Oceans North Kalaallit Nunaat has just held a meeting in Nuuk, Greenland, where they decided on a new executive director. Mette Bendixen. Eisenstadt, T. A. Adult respondents (939) completed the survey between December 2020 and January 2021, equivalent to nearly ~2.5% of Greenlands adult population, yielding country-level margins of error of 3 percentage points at the 95% confidence level. Hansen, A. M. & Burkins, M. B. Melting and mining in Greenland: understanding Arctic climate change through dialogue with locals. Summary for Policy-makers (AMAP, 2021). AMAP 2017: Adaptation Actions for a Changing ArcticPerspectives from the Baffin Bay/Davis Strait Region (Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme (AMAP), 2018). Kalaallit Nunaat high arctic tundra - Wikiwand Press, 2015). developed the methodology; K.M. Ecologies of Empire: Annie Proulx's Climate Colonial Realism The largest national park in the world, Northeast Greenland National Park, protects a majority of the land within the ecoregion. Accordingly, respondents who responded Yes to climate change happening and Human activities as the main cause of climate change were coded as being aware of anthropogenic climate change (AACC=1) while those who responded otherwise were coded as unaware of human-caused climate change (AACC=0), creating a binary indicator comparable to those used in many non-Arctic studies67,68,88. The terrain is mostly a flat but gradually sloping icecap that covers all land except for a narrow, mountainous, barren, rocky coast. Aastrup, P. et al. Comparing effect sizes (Fig. Sci. Torres, A. et al. Impact Assess. Approximately 85% of the land is covered by ice. Kalaallit Nunaat's island geography and colonial history have been significant both for the government's response to the pandemic and the social and political impacts of the pandemic . Change 2, 613618 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-023-01701-9, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-023-01701-9. The anonymized replication data that support the findings of this study are available at https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/FQNJYO. Presenting comprehensive evidence from the first two nationally representative surveys on climate change experience and attribution beliefs in Greenland, we find that most residents are personally experiencing the effects of climate changeapproximately twice the percentage seen in top oil-producing Arctic countries. Lumley, T. Survey: analysis of complex survey samples. Arctic 56, 271282 (2003). Dk inuttaalu assigalugit naligiimmik . Milfont, T. L., Zubielevitch, E., Milojev, P. & Sibley, C. G. Ten-year panel data confirm generation gap but climate beliefs increase at similar rates across ages. Nunavittakkaani Amerika Avannarlermut ilaavoq, kisianni Europamut politikkikkut attaveqarnerulluni.. Kalaallit Nunaat Savalimmiut assigalugit Danmarki kunngeqarfiannut atavoq naalagaaffeqatigiinnerup iluaniilluni.. 5. juni 1953 tikillugu Kal. Odds ratios greater than 1.0 imply that higher values of an independent variable are associated with higher odds that y=1 and thus signify positive effects, while odds ratios below 1.0 mean that higher x values are associated with lower odds that y=1 and thus describe negative effects. A. & Dugan, D. Integrating coastal vulnerability and community-based subsistence resource mapping in northwest Alaska. [21] The Committee recommended that a study on the gender-specific impact of climate change on women in Greenland, in particular women dependent on traditional Inuit . 52, 91101 (2015). Supplementary Tables 1 and 2, Fig. The authors declare no competing interests. 125, e2020JF005585 (2020). Experience exceeds awareness of anthropogenic climate change in Greenland. The Will to DrillMining in Arctic Communities (Springer, 2017). Delta progradation in Greenland driven by increasing glacial mass loss. Change 19, 12171223 (2019). Clim. Ecoregion : Kalaallit Nunaat high arctic tundra. & Reist, J. D. Arctic societies, cultures, and peoples in a changing cryosphere. c, Knowledge of human-caused climate change is markedly lower among Greenlanders compared with publishing climate scientists (dark red line). In this paper, we examine four exploratory research questions. Lumley, T. Analysis of complex survey samples. To assess the relative frequency in which countries populations have been invited to share their climate perceptions and opinions as part of international climate opinion surveys conducted over the period from January 2010 to December 2020, we conducted Google Scholar searches (scoped to English language surveys) using the search strings: (1) global climate change survey OR global climate change poll OR international climate change survey OR international climate change poll OR world climate change survey OR world climate change poll OR multinational climate change survey OR multinational climate change poll and (2) (climate OR climate change OR global warming) AND (world OR global OR worldwide OR international OR multinational) AND (survey OR poll). Prtner, H. O. et al. Climate Change in the American Mind: April 2019 (SSRN, 2019). Greenlandic-English Dictionary (The University of Chicago & Oqaasileriffik, 2018). Natl Acad. Standard Definitions: Final Dispositions of Case Codes and Outcome Rates for Surveys (American Association for Public Opinion Research, 2016). Clim. All climate perception items were piloted in advance of the full survey administration in both Danish and Kalaallisut among students at Ilisimatusarfik (University of Greenland), as well as among adult residents in the village of Kapisillit. J. 20 February 2020: http . 78). Clim. Glob. We conducted two national surveys of residents views about environmental changes, which have been previously described23,40. High Inuit culture n=261, Medium high Inuit culture n=430, Medium low Inuit culture n=691, Low Inuit culture n=171. c, Personal experience of the effects of climate change monotonically increases across age cohorts while awareness of anthropogenic climate change only significantly increases in later adulthood. Gravelle, T. B. Yua, E., Raymond-Yakoubian, J., Daniel, R. A. Kalaallit Nunaat nunarsuarmi qeqertat annersaraat. Arctic 56, 271282 (2003). To test and statistically adjust for any systematic differences in responses across the two survey waves, we repeated our analyses including a dummy variable denoting the waves. Climate The climate of the ecoregion is Tundra climate ( Kppen climate classification ET), a local climate in which at least one month has an average temperature high enough to melt snow (0 C (32 F)), but no month with an average temperature in excess of 10 C (50 F). Smith, S. L., ONeill, H. B., Isaksen, K., Noetzli, J. Marquart-Pyatt, S. T., McCright, A. M., Dietz, T. & Dunlap, R. E. Politics eclipses climate extremes for climate change perceptions. Nat. Popul. A modern mine? . Harvard Dataverse https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/CQ4CY4 (2022). Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme (AMAP) 116 (Troms, Norway, 2021). Fri 28 - - Sat 29 - - Sun 30 - - Mon 31 - - Tue 01 - - Wed 02 - - Thu 03 - - Fri 04 - - Sat 05 - - Sun 06 - - + Time / Hour Compare Today's Forecast Today in Kalaallit Nunaat, cold, unsettled weather. Oceans North Kalaallit Nunaat bifalder Naalakkersuisut's beslutning om at standse udenskrs olieefterforskning. Further information on research design is available in the Nature Portfolio Reporting Summary linked to this article. Environ. Geosci. Schill, C. et al. Clim. Her father taught her to ask questions. At the head of fjords where the climate is warmer, sheltered areas in the southwest support scrub and low forests . Drivers, dynamics and impacts of changing Arctic coasts. By contrast, about 8 in 10 Greenlanders (78%) report that they have personally experienced the effects of climate change, over twice the average in top oil-producing Arctic countries (36%) (Fig. USA 118, e2021442118 (2021). Source data are provided with this paper. Minor, K. Replication Data for Experience Exceeds Awareness of Anthropogenic Climate Change in Greenland https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/FQNJYO (Harvard Dataverse, 2023). Huntington, H. P. et al. Nature 579, 233239 (2020). Geographic variability of sea-level change. USA 117, 51115112 (2020). Ford, J. D. et al. Psychol. (4) Fig. M.B. We took into account local and regional research relevant to our study. The latest studies point to an arctic that is warming four times faster than the rest of the planet. Environ. & Leiserowitz, A. To obtain In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles Societal implications of a changing Arctic Ocean. 12, 4038 (2021). Although Kalaallit Nunaats ice sheet, landscapes and waters are populated with visiting physical scientists, automated environmental sensing devices and remote research platforms that inform the international scientific knowledge base on past climate variability and now-human-caused climate change63, the climate beliefs and experiences of Greenlands own primarily Indigenous population have only recently been surveyed systematically, similar to other countries49,50,59,61,64,65,66,67,68. Averaging the results of two nationally representative surveys taken between 2018 and 2020, approximately 9 in 10 (89%) residents of Kalaallit Nunaat are aware climate change is happening, in line with the average awareness found in other Arctic countries (Fig. Perception of the existence of climate change and knowledge about its primary human causes are touchstones of climate literacy and are predictive of mitigation and adaptation behaviours and intentions54,55,56. a, Awareness of anthropogenic climate change is higher among more populated communities, older age groups, post-elementary educated demographics, mixed or Danish identity groups and non-subsistence occupations. Does public knowledge of climate change really matter in Australia? A. Manap, N. & Voulvoulis, N. Environmental management for dredging sedimentsthe requirement of developing nations. Berrang-Ford, L. et al. Kelton Minor or Minik T. Rosing. Press, 2015). Educ. CF20-0129). Public preferences largely align with Kalaallit Nunaats current mineral policy mandating environmental and economic impact assessments of new resource opportunities. Outdoor Recreat. Coldest Canadian Arctic communities face greatest reductions in shorefast sea ice. Chang. Garnett, S. T. et al. Awareness of anthropogenic climate change is lowest among the Kalaallit communities who are personally experiencing the effects of climate change most acutely. 49, 279307 (2021). 1a and Methods). Despite Greenlands centrality to climate research, we uncover a gap between the scientific consensus and Kalaallit views of climate change, particularly among youth. Poppel, B. Arctic oil & gas development: the case of Greenland. The three climate survey items employed in this study were consistent across the IPS and GPS survey waves and adopted the item structure of standard multiple-choice climate change awareness, knowledge and perception questions widely used in the literature, including in other Arctic countries. 1d and Methods). Studies have identified eight types of vegetation on the east coast from 72 to 79 N: Over 71% of the ecoregion is officially protected. The reliability of the situation is excellente. Change 8, 275281 (2018). b, Large majorities of residents across all of Kalaallit Nunaats geographic regions report that they have personally experienced the effects of climate change. However, public perceptions lag behind the scientific consensus of human-caused climate change (Fig. Earth Surf. 3). Sci. 1a International climate change survey coverage plot. Hastrup, K. A history of climate change: Inughuit responses to changing ice conditions in North-West Greenland. Get the most important science stories of the day, free in your inbox. Clim. Ecological grief and anxiety: the start of a healthy response to climate change? J. Environ. 6, 618 (2020). Government, Policies, and Priorities in Kalaallit Nunaat - Springer & Minor, K. Replication (code + model output) data for Opportunistic climate adaptation and public support for sand extraction in Greenland. 3, 3954 (2022). Nuttall, M. Water, ice, and climate change in northwest Greenland. van Valkengoed, A. M. & Steg, L. Meta-analyses of factors motivating climate change adaptation behaviour. Specifically, we used the search strings (1) (Arctic country name) AND (climate change survey OR climate change poll OR global warming survey OR global warming poll) AND (aware* OR knowledge OR literacy OR literate OR opinion* OR belief* OR perception* OR experience*) and (2) (Arctic country name) AND (climate OR climate change OR global warming) AND (*survey OR *poll). Environ. Change 49, 140153 (2018). Nature 573, 453 (2019). 26 June 2023, Access Nature and 54 other Nature Portfolio journals, Get Nature+, our best-value online-access subscription, Receive 12 digital issues and online access to articles, Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout. Areas inland of this strip of land are either covered in ice or bare rock. Earth Planet. With nearly 80 percent of its surface covered by ice, Greenland (Kalaallit Nunaat in the Inuit language) has been a focal point for decades of climate science and research. Poppel, B. Tranter, B. Qual. "He'd say, "If you don't ask . Health 4, e261e263 (2020). 2b)). Inuit, pejorative Eskimo, group of culturally and linguistically unique Indigenous peoples of the Arctic and subarctic regions whose homelands encompass Kalaallit Nunaat ( Greenland, a self-governing overseas administrative division of Denmark), Arctic Canada, northern and southwestern Alaska in the United States, and part of Chukotka in the Far. The numbers were drawn from a comprehensive list of all registered landline, mobile phone and pre-paid sim card numbers in Kalaallit Nunaat. J. Stat. State of Green (2 November 2021). 1 and Discussion. Environ. Naalakkersuisut, the Government of Greenland,. New climate models reveal faster and larger increases in Arctic precipitation than previously projected. Dunlap, R. E. & Brulle, R. J. Resistance as Autonomy in Kalaallit Nunaat - the case of rare-earth Mamo, D. The Indigenous World 2020 (The International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs, 2020). For instance, other factors that sculpt worldviews, including sociopolitical identity, may be consequential for climate change beliefs in Kalaallit Nunaat, similar to patterns seen in other countries50,61,62. Experience exceeds awareness of anthropogenic climate change in Greenland, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oneear.2021.09.001, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11111-020-00370-6, https://gjia.georgetown.edu/2020/05/29/greenland-understanding-climatechange-through-localdialogue/. structured the data; K.M. Annu. Inspecting demographic characteristics across community scales confirms that a greater proportion of residents in village communities respectively identify as Kalaallit (village: 963% vs city: 734%), have no post-elementary education (village: 626% vs city: 204%) and are employed as hunters or fishers (village: 266% vs city: 73%) (Fig. Nat. The Kalaallit Nunaat low arctic tundra ecoregion (WWF ID:NA1113) covers the low coastal areas of western and southern Greenland, reaching in up to 100 km before bare rock and ice become dominant. (27-42) Fig. Third, how do climate change experiences and beliefs vary across Kalaallit Nunaat spatially and demographically? Drews, S. & van den Bergh, J. C. J. M. What explains public support for climate policies? Managed retreat as a response to natural hazard risk. Hastrup, K. & Olwig, K. F. Climate Change and Human Mobility: Challenges to the Social Sciences (Cambridge Univ. We identified 1,144 total country-level survey appearances during the scoping period, with invited countries spanning all inhabited continents except for Antarctica (Source Data: Fig. Factor analysis suggests that for analytical purposes, they might be parsimoniously combined to form an indicator for an underlying Inuit cultural dimension (Supplementary Fig. Res. Nat. Softw. Greenland is a self-governing country within the Danish Realm, and although Denmark has adopted the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, Greenland's population continue to face challenges. The circumpolar region is warming several times faster than the global average11, exposing ecosystems and populationsincluding Indigenous communitiesto changes in sea ice6,12, snow cover13, permafrost14,15, precipitation16, rain-on-snow17,18, ice sheet hydrology19 and coastal sedimentary flux20. Improving access to climate science via the engagement of Greenlands civic institutions, Kalaallit-led teacher training, curricular development, additional education83, intergenerational dialogue, community outreach, media involvement and weathercaster communication84 may be formative for linking experienced climatic changes to carbon-intensive human activities globally and locally. 1b Arctic country climate change beliefs plot. Google Scholar. 2e. A systematic global stocktake of evidence on human adaptation to climate change. Policy Sustain. Cunsolo, A. To avoid potential information delay and dislocation, rapid national survey results from the GPS survey were shared with the public first via local presentations and a visual report published by Ilisimatusarfik. Cooling glaciers in a warming climate since the Little Ice Age at The data that support the findings of this study are available at https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/CQ4CY4 (ref. Cooley, S. W. et al. Environ. Our World in Data https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/oil-production-by-country (BP Statistical Review of World Energy, 2021). national symbol flag of Greenland Coat of arms of Greenland Inuit culture is theorized to consist of deeply intertwined cultural and social-ecological dimensions6,44. Springer Nature or its licensor holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. Cook, J. et al. Egede, M. Greenland at the Center of a Changing Arctic (The Wilson Q., 2022). 5 Citations 216 Altmetric Metrics Abstract Climate change leads to the deposition of substantial amounts of sediment along the coasts of Kalaallit Nunaat (Greenland) amid rapidly growing. In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles Population-weighted national and subnational response estimates were computed using R (v4.1.3) and the R Survey package87. Crate, S. A. Everett, R. A., Miller, A. W. & Ruiz, G. M. Shifting sands could bring invasive species. Lynas, M., Houlton, B. Z. Weighted logit regression models were employed to assess predictors of climate change experiences and beliefs (Methods, and Supplementary Tables 1 and 2). Change 121, 255270 (2013). Glob. Nuttall, M. Arctic Homeland: Kinship, Community, and Development in Northwest Greenland (Univ. J. Environ. The research included local researchers and research assistants throughout the research process, including the study design, data collection, interpretation and authorship. The coast is rugged, with a mean elevation of 561 metres (1,841ft), with deep inlets from the sea.[4]. Internet Explorer). About one-third of the region is covered by mosses and lichens, and another 3% by herbaceous vegetation and shrubs. (3) Statistical source data for previous Arctic national change perception surveys. & Skorstad, B. Change 68, 102247 (2021). Population living on permafrost in the Arctic. & Perry, S. Greater than 99% consensus on human caused climate change in the peer-reviewed scientific literature. We followed a common quantitative empirical approach for survey analysis described previously23. Nat. and L.H. Awareness of anthropogenic climate change increases significantly in later adulthood. Nevertheless, comparing our results to equivalently worded survey items77 administered in the top oil-producing Arctic country (United States) yields consistent comparative results (Source Data Fig. 12, 20160466 (2016). Policy 121, 104178 (2020). Indigenous World 2020: Kalaallit Nunaat (Greenland) Sea ice, rain-on-snow and tundra reindeer nomadism in Arctic Russia. Arctic rain on snow events: bridging observations to understand environmental and livelihood impacts. International climate surveys are important global fora for mapping climate change knowledge to inform mitigative and adaptive decisions. 1a). Knowledge that climate change is mainly human-caused lags behind the scientific consensus across all Arctic countries and was lowest on average from 20182020 in Norway (37%), Russia (38%), Denmark and the United States (44%) (Fig. Ironically, with the inland ice sheet melting rare earth mining in Kalaallit Nunaat has become a global quest for domination of the green future (Ewing, 2021; Naalakkersuisut 2021; Soer, 2022). 4a). Proj. Last month, Oceans North Kalaallit Nunaat was established in Greenland as a new "fond" or charitable organization with the aim of building and disseminating knowledge about the marine environment and coastal areas in collaboration with Indigenous Peoples in the Arctic. 3a,b), we find that Inuit culture is the dominant negative predictor of awareness of anthropogenic climate change and the main positive predictor of personal experience of its effects, surpassing other sociodemographic factors (Supplementary Tables 1 and 2).
Find The Largest Word In A String In Java, Articles K